// Take a look at the license at the top of the repository in the LICENSE file.

use crate::sys::cpu::{get_physical_core_count, CpusWrapper};
use crate::sys::process::{_get_process_data, compute_cpu_usage, refresh_procs, unset_updated};
use crate::sys::utils::{get_all_data, to_u64};
use crate::{Cpu, CpuRefreshKind, LoadAvg, MemoryRefreshKind, Pid, Process, ProcessRefreshKind};

use libc::{self, c_char, sysconf, _SC_CLK_TCK, _SC_HOST_NAME_MAX, _SC_PAGESIZE};
use std::cmp::min;
use std::collections::HashMap;
use std::ffi::CStr;
use std::fs::File;
use std::io::Read;
use std::path::Path;
use std::str::FromStr;
use std::sync::atomic::AtomicIsize;

// This whole thing is to prevent having too many files open at once. It could be problematic
// for processes using a lot of files and using sysinfo at the same time.
pub(crate) static REMAINING_FILES: once_cell::sync::Lazy<AtomicIsize> =
    once_cell::sync::Lazy::new(|| {
        unsafe {
            let mut limits = libc::rlimit {
                rlim_cur: 0,
                rlim_max: 0,
            };
            if libc::getrlimit(libc::RLIMIT_NOFILE, &mut limits) != 0 {
                // Most Linux system now defaults to 1024.
                return AtomicIsize::new(1024 / 2);
            }
            // We save the value in case the update fails.
            let current = limits.rlim_cur;

            // The set the soft limit to the hard one.
            limits.rlim_cur = limits.rlim_max;
            // In this part, we leave minimum 50% of the available file descriptors to the process
            // using sysinfo.
            AtomicIsize::new(if libc::setrlimit(libc::RLIMIT_NOFILE, &limits) == 0 {
                limits.rlim_cur / 2
            } else {
                current / 2
            } as _)
        }
    });

pub(crate) fn get_max_nb_fds() -> isize {
    unsafe {
        let mut limits = libc::rlimit {
            rlim_cur: 0,
            rlim_max: 0,
        };
        if libc::getrlimit(libc::RLIMIT_NOFILE, &mut limits) != 0 {
            // Most Linux system now defaults to 1024.
            1024 / 2
        } else {
            limits.rlim_max as isize / 2
        }
    }
}

fn boot_time() -> u64 {
    if let Ok(buf) = File::open("/proc/stat").and_then(|mut f| {
        let mut buf = Vec::new();
        f.read_to_end(&mut buf)?;
        Ok(buf)
    }) {
        let line = buf.split(|c| *c == b'\n').find(|l| l.starts_with(b"btime"));

        if let Some(line) = line {
            return line
                .split(|x| *x == b' ')
                .filter(|s| !s.is_empty())
                .nth(1)
                .map(to_u64)
                .unwrap_or(0);
        }
    }
    // Either we didn't find "btime" or "/proc/stat" wasn't available for some reason...
    unsafe {
        let mut up: libc::timespec = std::mem::zeroed();
        if libc::clock_gettime(libc::CLOCK_BOOTTIME, &mut up) == 0 {
            up.tv_sec as u64
        } else {
            sysinfo_debug!("clock_gettime failed: boot time cannot be retrieve...");
            0
        }
    }
}

pub(crate) struct SystemInfo {
    pub(crate) page_size_b: u64,
    pub(crate) clock_cycle: u64,
    pub(crate) boot_time: u64,
}

impl SystemInfo {
    fn new() -> Self {
        unsafe {
            Self {
                page_size_b: sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE) as _,
                clock_cycle: sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) as _,
                boot_time: boot_time(),
            }
        }
    }
}

pub(crate) struct SystemInner {
    process_list: HashMap<Pid, Process>,
    mem_total: u64,
    mem_free: u64,
    mem_available: u64,
    mem_buffers: u64,
    mem_page_cache: u64,
    mem_shmem: u64,
    mem_slab_reclaimable: u64,
    swap_total: u64,
    swap_free: u64,
    info: SystemInfo,
    cpus: CpusWrapper,
}

impl SystemInner {
    /// It is sometime possible that a CPU usage computation is bigger than
    /// `"number of CPUs" * 100`.
    ///
    /// To prevent that, we compute ahead of time this maximum value and ensure that processes'
    /// CPU usage don't go over it.
    fn get_max_process_cpu_usage(&self) -> f32 {
        self.cpus.len() as f32 * 100.
    }

    fn clear_procs(&mut self, refresh_kind: ProcessRefreshKind) {
        let (total_time, compute_cpu, max_value) = if refresh_kind.cpu() {
            self.cpus
                .refresh_if_needed(true, CpuRefreshKind::new().with_cpu_usage());

            if self.cpus.is_empty() {
                sysinfo_debug!("cannot compute processes CPU usage: no CPU found...");
                (0., false, 0.)
            } else {
                let (new, old) = self.cpus.get_global_raw_times();
                let total_time = if old > new { 1 } else { new - old };
                (
                    total_time as f32 / self.cpus.len() as f32,
                    true,
                    self.get_max_process_cpu_usage(),
                )
            }
        } else {
            (0., false, 0.)
        };

        self.process_list.retain(|_, proc_| {
            let proc_ = &mut proc_.inner;
            if !proc_.updated {
                return false;
            }
            if compute_cpu {
                compute_cpu_usage(proc_, total_time, max_value);
            }
            unset_updated(proc_);
            true
        });
    }

    fn refresh_cpus(&mut self, only_update_global_cpu: bool, refresh_kind: CpuRefreshKind) {
        self.cpus.refresh(only_update_global_cpu, refresh_kind);
    }
}

impl SystemInner {
    pub(crate) fn new() -> Self {
        Self {
            process_list: HashMap::new(),
            mem_total: 0,
            mem_free: 0,
            mem_available: 0,
            mem_buffers: 0,
            mem_page_cache: 0,
            mem_shmem: 0,
            mem_slab_reclaimable: 0,
            swap_total: 0,
            swap_free: 0,
            cpus: CpusWrapper::new(),
            info: SystemInfo::new(),
        }
    }

    pub(crate) fn refresh_memory_specifics(&mut self, refresh_kind: MemoryRefreshKind) {
        if !refresh_kind.ram() && !refresh_kind.swap() {
            return;
        }
        let mut mem_available_found = false;
        read_table("/proc/meminfo", ':', |key, value_kib| {
            let field = match key {
                "MemTotal" => &mut self.mem_total,
                "MemFree" => &mut self.mem_free,
                "MemAvailable" => {
                    mem_available_found = true;
                    &mut self.mem_available
                }
                "Buffers" => &mut self.mem_buffers,
                "Cached" => &mut self.mem_page_cache,
                "Shmem" => &mut self.mem_shmem,
                "SReclaimable" => &mut self.mem_slab_reclaimable,
                "SwapTotal" => &mut self.swap_total,
                "SwapFree" => &mut self.swap_free,
                _ => return,
            };
            // /proc/meminfo reports KiB, though it says "kB". Convert it.
            *field = value_kib.saturating_mul(1_024);
        });

        // Linux < 3.14 may not have MemAvailable in /proc/meminfo
        // So it should fallback to the old way of estimating available memory
        // https://github.com/KittyKatt/screenFetch/issues/386#issuecomment-249312716
        if !mem_available_found {
            self.mem_available = self
                .mem_free
                .saturating_add(self.mem_buffers)
                .saturating_add(self.mem_page_cache)
                .saturating_add(self.mem_slab_reclaimable)
                .saturating_sub(self.mem_shmem);
        }
    }

    pub(crate) fn cgroup_limits(&self) -> Option<crate::CGroupLimits> {
        crate::CGroupLimits::new(self)
    }

    pub(crate) fn refresh_cpu_specifics(&mut self, refresh_kind: CpuRefreshKind) {
        self.refresh_cpus(false, refresh_kind);
    }

    pub(crate) fn refresh_processes_specifics(
        &mut self,
        filter: Option<&[Pid]>,
        refresh_kind: ProcessRefreshKind,
    ) {
        let uptime = Self::uptime();
        refresh_procs(
            &mut self.process_list,
            Path::new("/proc"),
            uptime,
            &self.info,
            filter,
            refresh_kind,
        );
        self.clear_procs(refresh_kind);
        self.cpus.set_need_cpus_update();
    }

    pub(crate) fn refresh_process_specifics(
        &mut self,
        pid: Pid,
        refresh_kind: ProcessRefreshKind,
    ) -> bool {
        let uptime = Self::uptime();
        match _get_process_data(
            &Path::new("/proc/").join(pid.to_string()),
            &mut self.process_list,
            pid,
            None,
            uptime,
            &self.info,
            refresh_kind,
        ) {
            Ok((Some(p), pid)) => {
                self.process_list.insert(pid, p);
            }
            Ok(_) => {}
            Err(_e) => {
                sysinfo_debug!("Cannot get information for PID {:?}: {:?}", pid, _e);
                return false;
            }
        };
        if refresh_kind.cpu() {
            self.refresh_cpus(true, CpuRefreshKind::new().with_cpu_usage());

            if self.cpus.is_empty() {
                eprintln!("Cannot compute process CPU usage: no cpus found...");
                return true;
            }
            let (new, old) = self.cpus.get_global_raw_times();
            let total_time = (if old >= new { 1 } else { new - old }) as f32;
            let total_time = total_time / self.cpus.len() as f32;

            let max_cpu_usage = self.get_max_process_cpu_usage();
            if let Some(p) = self.process_list.get_mut(&pid) {
                let p = &mut p.inner;
                compute_cpu_usage(p, total_time, max_cpu_usage);
                unset_updated(p);
            }
        } else if let Some(p) = self.process_list.get_mut(&pid) {
            unset_updated(&mut p.inner);
        }
        true
    }

    // COMMON PART
    //
    // Need to be moved into a "common" file to avoid duplication.

    pub(crate) fn processes(&self) -> &HashMap<Pid, Process> {
        &self.process_list
    }

    pub(crate) fn process(&self, pid: Pid) -> Option<&Process> {
        self.process_list.get(&pid)
    }

    pub(crate) fn global_cpu_info(&self) -> &Cpu {
        &self.cpus.global_cpu
    }

    pub(crate) fn cpus(&self) -> &[Cpu] {
        &self.cpus.cpus
    }

    pub(crate) fn physical_core_count(&self) -> Option<usize> {
        get_physical_core_count()
    }

    pub(crate) fn total_memory(&self) -> u64 {
        self.mem_total
    }

    pub(crate) fn free_memory(&self) -> u64 {
        self.mem_free
    }

    pub(crate) fn available_memory(&self) -> u64 {
        self.mem_available
    }

    pub(crate) fn used_memory(&self) -> u64 {
        self.mem_total - self.mem_available
    }

    pub(crate) fn total_swap(&self) -> u64 {
        self.swap_total
    }

    pub(crate) fn free_swap(&self) -> u64 {
        self.swap_free
    }

    // need to be checked
    pub(crate) fn used_swap(&self) -> u64 {
        self.swap_total - self.swap_free
    }

    pub(crate) fn uptime() -> u64 {
        let content = get_all_data("/proc/uptime", 50).unwrap_or_default();
        content
            .split('.')
            .next()
            .and_then(|t| t.parse().ok())
            .unwrap_or_default()
    }

    pub(crate) fn boot_time() -> u64 {
        boot_time()
    }

    pub(crate) fn load_average() -> LoadAvg {
        let mut s = String::new();
        if File::open("/proc/loadavg")
            .and_then(|mut f| f.read_to_string(&mut s))
            .is_err()
        {
            return LoadAvg::default();
        }
        let loads = s
            .trim()
            .split(' ')
            .take(3)
            .map(|val| val.parse::<f64>().unwrap())
            .collect::<Vec<f64>>();
        LoadAvg {
            one: loads[0],
            five: loads[1],
            fifteen: loads[2],
        }
    }

    #[cfg(not(target_os = "android"))]
    pub(crate) fn name() -> Option<String> {
        get_system_info_linux(
            InfoType::Name,
            Path::new("/etc/os-release"),
            Path::new("/etc/lsb-release"),
        )
    }

    #[cfg(target_os = "android")]
    pub(crate) fn name() -> Option<String> {
        get_system_info_android(InfoType::Name)
    }

    pub(crate) fn long_os_version() -> Option<String> {
        #[cfg(target_os = "android")]
        let system_name = "Android";

        #[cfg(not(target_os = "android"))]
        let system_name = "Linux";

        Some(format!(
            "{} {} {}",
            system_name,
            Self::os_version().unwrap_or_default(),
            Self::name().unwrap_or_default()
        ))
    }

    pub(crate) fn host_name() -> Option<String> {
        unsafe {
            let hostname_max = sysconf(_SC_HOST_NAME_MAX);
            let mut buffer = vec![0_u8; hostname_max as usize];
            if libc::gethostname(buffer.as_mut_ptr() as *mut c_char, buffer.len()) == 0 {
                if let Some(pos) = buffer.iter().position(|x| *x == 0) {
                    // Shrink buffer to terminate the null bytes
                    buffer.resize(pos, 0);
                }
                String::from_utf8(buffer).ok()
            } else {
                sysinfo_debug!("gethostname failed: hostname cannot be retrieved...");
                None
            }
        }
    }

    pub(crate) fn kernel_version() -> Option<String> {
        let mut raw = std::mem::MaybeUninit::<libc::utsname>::zeroed();

        unsafe {
            if libc::uname(raw.as_mut_ptr()) == 0 {
                let info = raw.assume_init();

                let release = info
                    .release
                    .iter()
                    .filter(|c| **c != 0)
                    .map(|c| *c as u8 as char)
                    .collect::<String>();

                Some(release)
            } else {
                None
            }
        }
    }

    #[cfg(not(target_os = "android"))]
    pub(crate) fn os_version() -> Option<String> {
        get_system_info_linux(
            InfoType::OsVersion,
            Path::new("/etc/os-release"),
            Path::new("/etc/lsb-release"),
        )
    }

    #[cfg(target_os = "android")]
    pub(crate) fn os_version() -> Option<String> {
        get_system_info_android(InfoType::OsVersion)
    }

    #[cfg(not(target_os = "android"))]
    pub(crate) fn distribution_id() -> String {
        get_system_info_linux(
            InfoType::DistributionID,
            Path::new("/etc/os-release"),
            Path::new(""),
        )
        .unwrap_or_else(|| std::env::consts::OS.to_owned())
    }

    #[cfg(target_os = "android")]
    pub(crate) fn distribution_id() -> String {
        // Currently get_system_info_android doesn't support InfoType::DistributionID and always
        // returns None. This call is done anyway for consistency with non-Android implementation
        // and to suppress dead-code warning for DistributionID on Android.
        get_system_info_android(InfoType::DistributionID)
            .unwrap_or_else(|| std::env::consts::OS.to_owned())
    }

    pub(crate) fn cpu_arch() -> Option<String> {
        let mut raw = std::mem::MaybeUninit::<libc::utsname>::uninit();

        unsafe {
            if libc::uname(raw.as_mut_ptr()) != 0 {
                return None;
            }
            let info = raw.assume_init();
            // Converting `&[i8]` to `&[u8]`.
            let machine: &[u8] =
                std::slice::from_raw_parts(info.machine.as_ptr() as *const _, info.machine.len());

            CStr::from_bytes_until_nul(machine)
                .ok()
                .and_then(|res| match res.to_str() {
                    Ok(arch) => Some(arch.to_string()),
                    Err(_) => None,
                })
        }
    }
}

fn read_u64(filename: &str) -> Option<u64> {
    get_all_data(filename, 16_635)
        .ok()
        .and_then(|d| u64::from_str(d.trim()).ok())
}

fn read_table<F>(filename: &str, colsep: char, mut f: F)
where
    F: FnMut(&str, u64),
{
    if let Ok(content) = get_all_data(filename, 16_635) {
        content
            .split('\n')
            .flat_map(|line| {
                let mut split = line.split(colsep);
                let key = split.next()?;
                let value = split.next()?;
                let value0 = value.trim_start().split(' ').next()?;
                let value0_u64 = u64::from_str(value0).ok()?;
                Some((key, value0_u64))
            })
            .for_each(|(k, v)| f(k, v));
    }
}

impl crate::CGroupLimits {
    fn new(sys: &SystemInner) -> Option<Self> {
        assert!(
            sys.mem_total != 0,
            "You need to call System::refresh_memory before trying to get cgroup limits!",
        );
        if let (Some(mem_cur), Some(mem_max)) = (
            read_u64("/sys/fs/cgroup/memory.current"),
            read_u64("/sys/fs/cgroup/memory.max"),
        ) {
            // cgroups v2

            let mut limits = Self {
                total_memory: sys.mem_total,
                free_memory: sys.mem_free,
                free_swap: sys.swap_free,
            };

            limits.total_memory = min(mem_max, sys.mem_total);
            limits.free_memory = limits.total_memory.saturating_sub(mem_cur);

            if let Some(swap_cur) = read_u64("/sys/fs/cgroup/memory.swap.current") {
                limits.free_swap = sys.swap_total.saturating_sub(swap_cur);
            }

            Some(limits)
        } else if let (Some(mem_cur), Some(mem_max)) = (
            // cgroups v1
            read_u64("/sys/fs/cgroup/memory/memory.usage_in_bytes"),
            read_u64("/sys/fs/cgroup/memory/memory.limit_in_bytes"),
        ) {
            let mut limits = Self {
                total_memory: sys.mem_total,
                free_memory: sys.mem_free,
                free_swap: sys.swap_free,
            };

            limits.total_memory = min(mem_max, sys.mem_total);
            limits.free_memory = limits.total_memory.saturating_sub(mem_cur);

            Some(limits)
        } else {
            None
        }
    }
}

#[derive(PartialEq, Eq)]
enum InfoType {
    /// The end-user friendly name of:
    /// - Android: The device model
    /// - Linux: The distributions name
    Name,
    OsVersion,
    /// Machine-parseable ID of a distribution, see
    /// https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/os-release.html#ID=
    DistributionID,
}

#[cfg(not(target_os = "android"))]
fn get_system_info_linux(info: InfoType, path: &Path, fallback_path: &Path) -> Option<String> {
    if let Ok(buf) = File::open(path).and_then(|mut f| {
        let mut buf = String::new();
        f.read_to_string(&mut buf)?;
        Ok(buf)
    }) {
        let info_str = match info {
            InfoType::Name => "NAME=",
            InfoType::OsVersion => "VERSION_ID=",
            InfoType::DistributionID => "ID=",
        };

        for line in buf.lines() {
            if let Some(stripped) = line.strip_prefix(info_str) {
                return Some(stripped.replace('"', ""));
            }
        }
    }

    // Fallback to `/etc/lsb-release` file for systems where VERSION_ID is not included.
    // VERSION_ID is not required in the `/etc/os-release` file
    // per https://www.linux.org/docs/man5/os-release.html
    // If this fails for some reason, fallback to None
    let buf = File::open(fallback_path)
        .and_then(|mut f| {
            let mut buf = String::new();
            f.read_to_string(&mut buf)?;
            Ok(buf)
        })
        .ok()?;

    let info_str = match info {
        InfoType::OsVersion => "DISTRIB_RELEASE=",
        InfoType::Name => "DISTRIB_ID=",
        InfoType::DistributionID => {
            // lsb-release is inconsistent with os-release and unsupported.
            return None;
        }
    };
    for line in buf.lines() {
        if let Some(stripped) = line.strip_prefix(info_str) {
            return Some(stripped.replace('"', ""));
        }
    }
    None
}

#[cfg(target_os = "android")]
fn get_system_info_android(info: InfoType) -> Option<String> {
    // https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/refs/heads/master/core/java/android/os/Build.java#58
    let name: &'static [u8] = match info {
        InfoType::Name => b"ro.product.model\0",
        InfoType::OsVersion => b"ro.build.version.release\0",
        InfoType::DistributionID => {
            // Not supported.
            return None;
        }
    };

    let mut value_buffer = vec![0u8; libc::PROP_VALUE_MAX as usize];
    unsafe {
        let len = libc::__system_property_get(
            name.as_ptr() as *const c_char,
            value_buffer.as_mut_ptr() as *mut c_char,
        );

        if len != 0 {
            if let Some(pos) = value_buffer.iter().position(|c| *c == 0) {
                value_buffer.resize(pos, 0);
            }
            String::from_utf8(value_buffer).ok()
        } else {
            None
        }
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod test {
    #[cfg(target_os = "android")]
    use super::get_system_info_android;
    #[cfg(not(target_os = "android"))]
    use super::get_system_info_linux;
    use super::InfoType;

    #[test]
    #[cfg(target_os = "android")]
    fn lsb_release_fallback_android() {
        assert!(get_system_info_android(InfoType::OsVersion).is_some());
        assert!(get_system_info_android(InfoType::Name).is_some());
        assert!(get_system_info_android(InfoType::DistributionID).is_none());
    }

    #[test]
    #[cfg(not(target_os = "android"))]
    fn lsb_release_fallback_not_android() {
        use std::path::Path;

        let dir = tempfile::tempdir().expect("failed to create temporary directory");
        let tmp1 = dir.path().join("tmp1");
        let tmp2 = dir.path().join("tmp2");

        // /etc/os-release
        std::fs::write(
            &tmp1,
            r#"NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION="20.10 (Groovy Gorilla)"
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 20.10"
VERSION_ID="20.10"
VERSION_CODENAME=groovy
UBUNTU_CODENAME=groovy
"#,
        )
        .expect("Failed to create tmp1");

        // /etc/lsb-release
        std::fs::write(
            &tmp2,
            r#"DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=20.10
DISTRIB_CODENAME=groovy
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 20.10"
"#,
        )
        .expect("Failed to create tmp2");

        // Check for the "normal" path: "/etc/os-release"
        assert_eq!(
            get_system_info_linux(InfoType::OsVersion, &tmp1, Path::new("")),
            Some("20.10".to_owned())
        );
        assert_eq!(
            get_system_info_linux(InfoType::Name, &tmp1, Path::new("")),
            Some("Ubuntu".to_owned())
        );
        assert_eq!(
            get_system_info_linux(InfoType::DistributionID, &tmp1, Path::new("")),
            Some("ubuntu".to_owned())
        );

        // Check for the "fallback" path: "/etc/lsb-release"
        assert_eq!(
            get_system_info_linux(InfoType::OsVersion, Path::new(""), &tmp2),
            Some("20.10".to_owned())
        );
        assert_eq!(
            get_system_info_linux(InfoType::Name, Path::new(""), &tmp2),
            Some("Ubuntu".to_owned())
        );
        assert_eq!(
            get_system_info_linux(InfoType::DistributionID, Path::new(""), &tmp2),
            None
        );
    }
}